(S2) is so patently false that it is difficult to imagine that the realist need be
committed to it. But what else will do7 The (Putnamian) realist wants attributions of
reference to a theory's terms to function in an explanation of that theory's success.
The simplest and crudest way of doing that involves a claim like (S2). A less out-
rageous way of achieving the same end would involve the weaker:
(S2') A theory whose terms refer will usually (but not always) be successful.